Nursing Theory Essay Example

Nursing Theory Paper Merriam Webster characterizes the word hypothesis as a conviction, strategy, or system proposed or followed as the premise of activity. There are different classes of speculations acknowledged and rehearsed all through the world and all through expert practices today. One case of a kind of hypothesis is a nursing hypothesis. Be that as it may, some probably won't be completely mindful of what a nursing hypothesis involves, instances of such, and the significance of nursing speculations. This paper will clarify these issues. What is a nursing hypothesis? A nursing hypothesis is an articulation that has emerged from a philosophical point of view that clarifies a few wonders. In general, it is utilized to portray the collection of information that is utilized to help nursing practice. It consolidates investigations and examination to characterize nursing and nursing practice; moreover, it offers motivation to the acknowledged rules that structure the reason for training, and objectives and elements of nursing (Wesley, 1995). Fundamentally, a nursing hypothesis empowers comprehension of what, how, and why attendants keep on rehearsing. What is the starting point of a nursing hypothesis? The main scholar to unmistakably express a job of medical caretakers was Florence Nightingale. Before she built up her nursing hypothesis, the essential job of the medical caretaker was to simply mind of the patient as endorsed by the specialists orders. Songbird had the option to grow the nursing calling making it particular from the clinical calling. Her first hypotheses were created and distributed in a book named Notes on Nursing: What It Is, and What It Is Not in 1859. We will compose a custom exposition test on Nursing Theory explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom exposition test on Nursing Theory explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom article test on Nursing Theory explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer Through Florence Nightingales unique work, medical caretakers understood that essentially rewarding patients dependent on their illness was not an agreeable method of going to quiet mind, and, rather, they ought to make an all encompassing appraisal (Encyclopedia Britannica Online, 2009). Now the expression nursing hypothesis has been depicted and a background marked by it has been introduced; in any case, there are a few distinctive nursing speculations that are utilized today. This paper will talk about a couple of normal hypotheses and their practices. One case of a nursing hypothesis would be one Florence Nightingale made named Environmental Theory. This was utilized to characterize nursing as the demonstration of using the earth of the patient to help him in his recuperation. It centers around changing and controlling the earth so as to place the patient in the most ideal conditions for nature to act. Nursing hypothesis has developed on various levels in the previous fifty years. While the facts demonstrate that Florence Nightingale is ordinarily perceived and acknowledged as the organizer of present day nursing, she was essentially ready to give the initial move towards forming nursing into the all encompassing calling it is today. There are various speculations and models of nursing that have created after her time. One such case of these hypotheses is one that was produced by Dorothea Orem and named the Self-Care Theory. She had the option to utilize this hypothesis to characterize nursing as, the demonstration of helping others in the arrangement and the executives of self-care to keep up/improve human working at home degree of viability. This hypothesis centers around exercises that grown-up people perform for their own benefit to look after life, wellbeing and prosperity. Ultimately, Hildegard Peplau utilized her Interpersonal Relations Theory to state that nursing is a developing power and an educative instrument. Indeed, she characterized nursing utilizing her hypothesis as, a relational procedure of restorative collaborations between an Individual who is wiped out or needing wellbeing administrations and an attendant particularly taught to perceive, react to the requirement for help (Parker, 2006). A couple of instances of nursing hypotheses have been examined; anyway the topic of why these speculations are applicable in nursing practice today ought to be replied. Nursing speculations give a structure to medical caretakers to organize their nursing activities: what to ask, what to watch, what to concentrate on and what to think about. They give a system to grow new and approve current information. They help to portray, clarify, anticipate and recommend. Nursing Theory is utilized to characterize shared characteristics of the factors in an expressed field of request, manage nursing exploration and activities, foresee practice results, and anticipate customer reaction. Hypothesis is utilized to portray, clarify, foresee and recommend (Parker, 2006). The nursing speculations that are accessible today all have great thinking to their practices. Every one individualizes the requirements of the patients and what ought to be never really care for every patient. Notwithstanding, in my ongoing examination of nursing scholars I have been keen on the hypothesis by Patricia Benner. Her book named From Novice to Expert clarifies Benners see that mindful is an essential segment in the hypothesis of expertise securing. She depicts nursing as an empowering state of association and concern (Marriner-Tomey, 1989, p. 192) which suggests a significant level of enthusiastic inclusion in the medical attendant patient relationship (Benner, 1984). Benner talks about the intensity of mindful and depicts the mindful job as including the ideas of transformative force, integrative mindful, promotion, mending power, participative/certifiable force, and critical thinking (Benner, 1984). She stands firm in her conviction that that nursing care is more than the use of minor aptitude; it is social and includes the medical attendants reaction as a person, first, and afterward optionally, in the nursing job (Benner, 1984). By and large, Benner had the option to build up a nursing hypothesis that included the all encompassing consideration for the patient through an inside and out medical attendant customer relationship. Through this relationship the requirements of the patient can be distinguished and organized to give the best nursing care to that person. This paper had the option to portray what a nursing hypothesis involves and its inception, instances of such, and the importance of nursing speculations. By and large, a nursing hypothesis clarifies the information that is utilized to help the nursing practice and there have been nurture from the beginning of time with their very own perspectives on what nursing intended to them and how they were going to center their training. In any case, regardless of what every hypothesis involved, each hypothesis had the option to conceptualize in valuable manners and thoughts that assist make with detecting of what they do as medical attendants. Reference Benner, Patricia. (1984). From Novice to Expert: Excellence and Power in Clinical Nursing Practice. Menlo Park: Addison-Wesley Pub. Co. , Nursing Division. Florence Nightingale: Notes on Nursing. Reference book Britannica Online. 2009. Reference book Britannica. 26 May 2009 http://search. eb. com/ladies/article-9404148. Marriner-Tomey, A. (1989). Nursing scholars and Their Work (second ed. ). St. Louis: C. V. Mosby. Parker, Marilyn E. , (2006). Nursing Theories and Nursing Practices. Philadelphia, PA: F. A. Davis Company. Hypothesis. (2009). In Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary. Recovered May 27, 2009, from http://www. merriam-webster. com/word reference/hypothesis Wesley, R. L. (1995). Nursing hypotheses and models. Springhouse, PA: Springhouse

International Accounting Standards Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Worldwide Accounting Standards - Essay Example The reasonable worth framework has all together improved the data to the individual clients of the economy. Worldwide Financial Reporting Standard (IFRS): IFRS is a private segment association which is working for the enthusiasm of open. The fundamental destinations of IFRS establishment are: 1) It makes a solitary arrangement of value which is reasonable and enforceable around the world. The standard setting body that helps in figuring the norms for the association is the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) (IFRS Foundation. 2013k). 2) They are answerable for advancing the utilization and use of those guidelines. 3) They are responsible for revealing the budgetary needs of the little and medium estimated organizations. 4) They are additionally liable for shielding the working of IASB in this manner guaranteeing the financing of the association. The Trustees of the association are responsible for Monitoring Board of the Public Authorities (IFRS Foundation. 2013k). Worldwi de Accounting Standards Board: IASB is the standard setting body under the administration of IFRS Foundation. ... 2013g). There are scarcely any standard setting obligations which IASB needed to satisfy. In doing as such, it needs to experience an open and careful procedure which is additionally straightforward for open remark and conversation in papers or presentation to drafts. It associates effectively with the partners around the world. Like the experts, controllers, speculators, business pioneers and bookkeeping standard setters. Reasonable Value: IFRS 13 has characterized reasonable incentive as the value that is â€Å"received to offer an advantage or paid to move an obligation in a deliberate exchange between showcase members at the estimation dates† (IFRS Foundation, 2013e). The reasonable worth framework sets a solitary IFRS system for estimating the reasonable worth. Subsequent to estimating it is unveiled to the general population. Here, IFRS assumes a significant job in overseeing and estimating the reasonable worth framework. Supporting the goals of the IFRS Foundation: The exercises that are embraced by the IFRS Foundation for satisfying the destinations of association are taken consideration by the staffs of IFRS Foundation. Those exercises incorporated the accompanying: 1) The significant movement of IFRS establishment was to furnish the overall capital market with a typical language of budgetary announcing. Subsequently XBRL scientific classification is made by IFRS for the SMEs to encourage electronic use, similarity and trade of the budgetary information which are set up as indicated by the IFRS standards. The movement is executed by the IFRS XBRL colleagues. They are liable for keeping up and creating XBRL portrayals of IFRS which is known as the IFRS scientific classification. Scientific classifications are the sorted out arrangement plans which are likewise â€Å"computer clear dictionaries† (IFRS Foundation, 2013a) 2) They are engaged with creation of good quality and up to dated materials which

36 Units of Class

36 Units of Class The last time that we blogged about our academics was in June. We had just finished sophomore year, confused about What We Want To Do With Our Lives, and eager to figure things out. For those that haven’t read it yet and don’t have time to (since it’s kind of long), the gist is we were considering whether we should continue doing computer science stuff (by sticking with our current major in 21E) or should stop doing computer science stuff (by switching to CMS). At the end of that post, we concluded that the only thing we can do is to take things one semester at a time. And this is our first semester doing just that. We actually have made jokes about it, how we won’t actually know what we ended up majoring in until graduation day. We’d open our diploma folders, read our degrees, and be like “lol so that’s what it is… nice!” Anyways, we decided that we wanted to take another  semester to see how we’re feeling about this dilemma, before making any drastic changes. So, for now, we’re taking the path of least resistance, and sticking with 21E. 6.031 Elements of Software Construction 15 units 6.UAT Oral Communication 9 units CMS.URG CMS UROP for credit 12 units As you can see, we are only taking 3 classes (or 36 units in MIT talk) this semester! But it’s still an immense amount of work, because 031 is a struggle bus if there ever was one. Plus we’re both doing another UROP for pay (blog post about both of the UROPs to come!). But even though we are still really busy this semester, we’ve been feeling like we do have more time to breathe. And it’s really refreshing. We could have each taken an extra CMS class. CMS.618 (Interactive Narrative) and CMS.627 (Imagination, Computation, and Expression Studio) sounded super cool. We were each registered for one of the two… for basically the first week of classes. Until, we realized that we really wanted to spend those 12 units on Life, instead. And to us that means being able to spend more time with friends. It means being able to sleep more. It means making time for exercise (while completing our PE requirements). It means making time for family. It means making time for relaxing, and learning to relax, because after our first two years here, we kinda forgot what that even feels like. Freshman and sophomore year, especially sophomore year, were really hard. Like really really hard. Like going-to-bed-at-3am-is-an-accomplishment hard Because 5am-is-becoming-pretty-standard hard And waking-up-in-time-for-your-9am-class-that-you-slept-through-consistently-for-the-past-month-is-a-miracle hard And accidently-quadruple-booking-yourself-and-forgetting-about-all-four-things hard Because you’re-too-busy-trying-to-prevent-your-already-late-pset-from-being-more-late hard And The-list-of-challenges-can-fill-up-this-whole-post-so-we’ll-stop-here hard We really wanted something to be different this semester. When choosing our classes, we thought that taking 36 units (the minimum number of units to be considered a full time student) might be the solution. But we feared the stigma associated with the word “minimum”, and had hesitations. Being in a place, filled with overachievers, filled with many people who really embody the word maximum, made it difficult for us to go through with this plan. But we are so, so glad we did. This semester, we have been trying to expand our definition of “productivity.” Whereas in previous semesters, we associated number of classes and clubs and projects with productivity, this semester, we are also associating hours of sleep, frequency of seeing our friends, how many times we call our parents, exercise, and doing whatever else makes us happy with productivity. And this mindset has really made us enjoy this semester so far! And with that, we will provide evidence of the change. This time last year we were in the middle of juggling waaaay too much and wrote about how we had to miss the annual dorm sponsored apple picking trip because of it. This year, were writing a very different post. Post Tagged #apple picking #sleep is good

Success for Public Health Care Organizations Essay

Introduction In order for public health organizations to be successful, they first need to fully understand the definition of knowledge in its multiple dimensions. Understanding various relationships and factors related to knowledge-value chain will facilitate emergence of real changes in health care organizations. The concept of ‘evidence-based medicine’ has been a prevailing method in practicing medicine in the health care industry since its inception in the 1970s (Landry 2006). Four decades later, health care providers now encounter an immense volume of knowledge from research articles, new treatment guidelines, protocols, meta-analysis, or any other types of pertinent information to their specialties. However, providers often fail to†¦show more content†¦Although two types of knowledge (tacit and explicit) may appear to be categorized differently, author stresses that both types of knowledge need to be incorporated into clinicians’ problem solving and decision mak ing processes for patients. The second section highlights the three steps of transformation which help form knowledge. The steps include, transition from reality to data, data to information (know-what), and information to knowledge (know-how). Author also examines knowledge with a different angle of looking at potential to increase or decrease its value. Building on these core concepts, the author brings the article to a final section. He takes an in-depth look at five different relationships and capabilities that hold critical importance in knowledge-value chain. The five associations include mapping/acquisition, creating/destruction, integration/sharing/transferring, replication/protection, and lastly performance assessment/innovation. When these relationships interdepend on each other actively in great synergy, they will bring higher knowledge performance granting a higher overall value for the organization. Knowledge mapping and acquisition serves as a foundation of knowledge translation. First, public health organizations must collect, filter, understand, and learn the knowledge. With the pool of knowledge retrieved in the first step, public health organizations can create knowledge from merging tacit, explicit, internal, andShow MoreRelatedThe Core Competencies Of Public Health Essay1642 Words   |  7 PagesOne of the core competencies of public health is partnership and collaboration, and over the years, the need for collaborative partnerships between primary care and public health has grown substantially. 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First amendment and thoughts about the border - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 1 Words: 348 Downloads: 4 Date added: 2019/04/24 Category Law Essay Level High school Tags: First Amendment Essay Did you like this example? America was built on freedom. The freedom of the right to freely speak, the right to protest the government, and to gather peacefully among each other. To make sure that America will stay what it was meant to be, Americas founding fathers wrote the constitution and the bill of rights to make sure that we will always have these rights. The first amendment is very important. It states that Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press, or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances. This is one of the most important assets to what makes America, America. I believe that using tear gas is necessary, because some of the officers were in danger, and violence had broken out. The officers were just doing there job of protecting the border, and that requires doing whatever you have to, to keep people f rom crossing illegally. They did not do any permanent damage to the people, they were just trying to defend themselves like any one of us would have. I believe a reasonable solution is that we open up more checking points and provide shelter the best we can for those people while they wait to get into the United States. These are people that have come to have a better life and everyone deserves that. We are all making it harder than it really is. They shouldnt have to go through all of this trouble. Im not saying that they shouldnt have to get checked and go through the process, but we should make it easier on them. They are already scared and we should be the ones helping them. On the other hand they should not be getting violent and trying to cross illegally. We need to come to an agreement that makes everyone happy. America is supposed to be the greatest nation of all, but right now we arent living up to what we need to be. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "First amendment and thoughts about the border" essay for you Create order

Leningrad Cemetry, Winter of 1941 Free Essays

Explication of ‘Leningrad Cemetery, Winter of 1941’ This poem is about the World War ? especially in Leningard(1941. 09. 08~1944. We will write a custom essay sample on Leningrad Cemetry, Winter of 1941 or any similar topic only for you Order Now 01. 18) in winter of 1941. Leningrad which is now St. Petersburg is once former capital of Russia and Russian Revolution so it was strategically important place for Hitler to have war with. German army siege this city almost 900 days and over 650,000 people are dead from this war because of starvation, exposure, disease and so on. However, Leningrad did not surrender against the enemy and bear all hardships and difficulties, later called ‘city of hero’. How extremely difficult and severe situation it was in World war ? is depicted in this poem. There are a lot of dead bodies needed to be buried but impossible because ground is frozen and grave digger became weak from hunger. Also coffin could not be made because there was lack of fuel to heat and wood should be used for fuel. Instead of coffin they put the corpse on the child’s sled and take it to the cemetery. Child sled is the symbol of joy and happiness in winter snow but in the war time that kind of joy is disappeared but only degenerated to tool of moving the dead body. There are some analogies with the dead. First they are metaphored as ‘tree’s ball of roots when it waits to be planted’ and cocoons that will split down the center when the new life inside is prepared’. Those are very similar to appearance of the dead and characteristics such as stiffness however it also contains the meaning of life and prosperity. In contrast, the expression of ‘pale gauze, tapered shapes’ make us think of mummies. Writer tried to mummify and dehumanize the dead. Furthermore, ‘naked calves hard as corded wood spilling’ means piled corpses like stiff, dry wood with no life. Contrast in the metaphors tells us that the dead once having had vibrant life and had desire to restore vitality inevitably became very cold, rigid, abandoned dead body. ‘From under a cloak, a hand reaching out’ means that they are not ready to die and want to live more. Speaker of this poem is third person narrator so hard to know the dead’s mind exactly however we could analogize their thoughts on their death. They would want to come back to life even if they have to eat the bread made of glue and sawdust and live in the severe cold and siege. ‘Bread made of glue and sawdust’ is nonsense but it means stale bread that is so dry and hard to eat. Narrator says having a life is better than death even if it becomes hard or difficult. It shows us that they really didn’t want to die in the war and life is so precious itself. It is composed of only one stanza. It makes reader to be focused on the situation that writer explain with tension. Omniscient third person narrator speaks in the poem so we could not hear their direct voice but relying on what speaker says. Thesedays, there are still many threats on war outbreaks but as a generation not experiencing war yet, we have tendency to consider war as relatively light event and are not so alert or worrying compared to old generation. This poem reminds us with extreme hardships stealing a lot of innocent people’s lives that war can bear and arouse our attention again on the war. How to cite Leningrad Cemetry, Winter of 1941, Essay examples

Report on Hazard Management

Question: Write about theReport on Hazard Management. Answer: Introduction Beyond petroleum formerly known as British petroleum is multinational oil and Gas Company founded in the year 1909 and it is headquartered in London. It is one of the largest energy companies in the world with around 79,800 employees operating in 70 countries (BP, 2017). Beyond Petroleum have various brand in the portfolio which includes its standard BP products such as transport fuels, chemicals and alternative sources of energy. Castrol motor oil being the other product brand was acquired by BP in the year 2002 whose products are sold in over 150 countries. The third one brand Aral, apart from being the traditional automotive fuel supplier they have diversified in providing quality food in their onsite cafes Petit Bistros in Germany and is the third largest fast food retailer after McDonalds and burger king. They have also opened their convenience stores at select gas stations under the brand name of ampm and Wild bean caf situated at various BP connect stations which provides quic k snacks and beverage services to their customers (BP, 2017). Like their name Beyond Petroleum they have come a long way by just being an energy company to an emerging winner in the fast food caf chains. They aim to deliver excellent customer service by being a value driven organization. Their core values includes: Safety of their workforce and environment, Respect the world in which operates by complying with the laws and regulations and practicing ethical standards, Excellence in management operations, Courage in achieving the best and the last one being working as a team to achieve organizational goals (BP, 2017). Workplace Accidents at BP They have tried their best to be the sustainable energy organization but still the company has witnessed the maximum number of workplace hazards and disaster in the history. To name a few incidents are: In the year 2005 there was an explosion in the Texas City refinery of BP which killed15 men and injuring around 180 workers. This was considered as one of the worst accidents in the history of US. It was the third largest refinery in the US. The reason that caused such major blowout was a hydrocarbon vapor was ignited due to the overflow of fuel from the blow down stack and later the cloud was exploded (The Telegraph, 2012). Occupation safety and health and administration, US initiated a National Emphasis program which aims to check the safety culture of all the oil refineries after the Texas refinery incidence. During investigation it was found out that there have been certain compliance issues on the part of BP for which BP imposed a $3 million penalty for that violation. The failure to learn from past hazards and accidents has claimed many human lives and there can be no compensation for such damages (OSHA, 2010). During investigation it was found out that that the workers were not removed from the refinery unit at the time of starting and closing of the refinery which was very dangerous. The second major accident rather a disaster was happened on April 20, 2010 in the Mexico oil gulf. It was considered as one of the biggest disaster in the history. British Petroleum to extract crude oil from the beds of Gulf of Mexico leased an oil rig from the Transocean (Ingersoll, Reavis Locke, 2012). There was an explosion on the oil platform which resulted into the spilling of around 4.9 million barrel of oil in the sea. This explosion risked the lives of 126 workers which were present on board and among these 126, 11 died on the spot and 17 were seriously injured. This disaster was not something which cannot be prevented, there were many loopholes found in the safety system of BP which contributed in the disaster. The third instance happened at the Pinon gas compression station owned by BP (Rodenbaugh Benjamin, 2012). The reason for the blast was a pressurized device which was exploded during a routine maintenance operation on a pipeline. Due this Unfortunate accident one worker lost his life and two workers were seriously injured. Beyond petroleum safety culture has been critically questioned. There are only few incidences listed here but they have a long list of such safety related incidences which not only cost the organization financially but also cost human lives (McNulty, 2007).. Causes of Workplace Accidents Workplace accidents do not happen unplanned. There are several factors which contribute to the occurrences of such accidents. It may not be possible to avoid such disasters or accidents but the damage can be minimized by taking necessary safety actions and promoting a strong safety culture in the organization. The main reason which can be held responsible for any accident is the negligence on the part of the authority and failure to address identified safety issues at the workplace. There are reasons which can be identified as the main causes of any workplace hazards. Human error: It has been seen in most of the situations that accidents occur due to the negligence of individuals. Both of the explosion occurred at the oil refineries of BP would have been avoided or at least damage could have been minimized. The explosion at Gulf of Mexico can be seen as a clear example. During a safety check conducted, there were around 390 maintenance issues identified which were not corrected. It was also found out that the safety device was not working and the officials and technicians had a fair idea about this and a 450 ton hydraulic device which was responsible for preventing oil spilling out from the drill hole was not working. Such human error rather violations can cost human lives and severe environmental damage. Human negligence and mistakes can be identified and avoided. There should be safety awareness in every individual working in the organization. Attention and action towards the problem at the right time can help to prevent future accidents. Safety issues should be seen as a priority and should be fixed immediately (HSE, 2005). Safety training: It is the responsibility of the employer to provide workplace training to the employees. The chemical industry in which the beyond petroleum operates is very vulnerable and prone to many risks and hazards. In order to deal with any accidents, the workers have to understand and identify the possible factors contributing in a severe workplace accident. The workers should be trained to mitigate such life hazards. Offshore drilling is a very complex and dangerous process. It involves risks such as explosion, poison gas, slipping and tripping and falling from heights, Electrocution etc. The people working at the work station should be trained to prevent and cope with such situation. When there was an explosion at both of the refineries the workers were not trained and prepared and therefore they were not able to take any steps to prevent the blowout. It is often seen in many organization that profits have been kept at priority and there is no investment in safety procedur e and on board training of the workers to deal with such hazards (The Huffington Post, 2011). Maintenance issues- Maintenance refers to the timely reviewing the workplace structure, equipment and machines. Authorities are responsible to undertake maintenance work on a frequent basis so as to provide any future accidents at workplace and to ensure safety of the workers. During the explosion there were maintenance issues which needed to be fixed but were completely ignored by the authority. Also as earlier stated that the safety device was not working was a long known fact to the management but still they didnt took any necessary action (The guardian, 2014). At the Texas City refinery explosion issues like broken alarms which didnt even rung at the time of fire. These are the basic issues which could have been addressed so that at least timely action could have been taken to minimize the damage. Sometimes small issues lead to big problems. It is the duty of the management to conduct a timely audit and immediately solve issues. Regular maintenance helps to eliminate workplace ha zards. It is not to be treated as just a statutory requirement but rather a responsibility of the employer to provide a safe workplace to their employees. Cost- In most of the organization even today the profit generation is seen as the ultimate motive. They take various steps to avoid any unnecessary expenditure. In many organization maintaining safety culture and to train the employees is considered as a waste of money and employers are not willing to spend on the safety of their employees, Individuals working at the workstation do not have the sufficient knowledge about the mitigation plan to be followed at the time of any accidents. The focus is kept on increasing the production but one thing should be kept in mind that it is not to be done against the lives of the workers. In the above three cases mentioned, two of them lacked the basic emergency equipment such as safety device and fire alarms were not working and it was in the knowledge of the management. To save a few dollars on the account of maintenance this resulted into a disaster and it caused much more after the explosions in terms of fines and penalties imposed on the vio lation of safety regulations. Effect of Workplace Accidents on Organization and Stakeholders Stakeholders are the people who get affected by the operations of the business. Business is the agent of the society and all the business operations should be carried out in keeping in the mind the best interest of the stakeholder, Stakeholders include shareholders, investors, customers and environment etc. Maintaining a healthy relationship with the stakeholders is the key to ensure the sustainability of the business in the long run. The direct impact of the activities of the business is reflected on its stakeholder (Steiner, 2012). In todays world the reason why organizations are more inclined towards practicing ethical business practices and fulfilling corporate social responsibility because they want to be identifies as the value driven organization, When any hazard or accidents occur in an organization, their safety culture and their business practices comes into scrutiny and it adversely affect the image of the shareholders. Financial cost: It is indeed a known fact that all business operates in order to earn competitive profits and outperform their competitors. Organization try to avoid and minimize their variable and fixed costs in order to save extra for the business. When there is any workplace hazard apart from the human life there is a huge financial loss to the organization. Insurance claims, compensations and penalties levy a huge financial burden on the shoulders of the organization. After the Texas city oil refinery explosion it was found out that OSHA imposed a fine of US$21 million but BP agreed to pay US$13 million for the damage (OSHA, 2012). In the oil rig disaster of 2010 the total damages were at the large scale but they paid around $1.1 billion to everyone who suffered due to this oil spill (Krauss, 2014). Apart from all of this there are several cases of claims are filed and are still pending. In order to avoid such huge losses it is very important the organization should follow hazard management techniques at workplace. Apart from bearing a huge financial loss due to their unsafe business practices and careless safety behavior, the another most important issues which was faced by the BP was the productivity of employees. The productivity of employees reduced drastically as there were many physical injuries along with mental trauma. As a result employees were not able to work in the right state of mind. The absenteeism rate was very because individuals working on the oil rigs and gas plants were severely injured and took time to recover. The employee turnover was also very high during that period because of the continuous accidents and disaster happening back to back within very less time gaps like three of their major accidents occurred in 2005, 2010 and 2012. As result BP was considered as one of the unsafe organizations to work for. Employers are the backbone of any organization, the true picture of organization culture is represented by the employees. High absenteeism rate and high turnover rate will give wrong reflection of organizations management practices. Effect on stakeholders- Employees are the first stakeholders of the organization, They ensure the smooth operations of the organization. In all the disasters occurred on the sites of BP there were around 27 workers who lost their lives. The other stakeholder of BP is environment, releasing poisonous gases in the air and spilling of crude oil in the gulf have adversely affected the habitats and the damage cannot be compensated. Talking about the other stakeholders which are the shareholders of the company are the real owners of the organization. They invest money and bear risk just to get a fair return of their value invested. Due to the oil spill tragedy the share prices of BP fell down by 55% from $59.48 to just $27 in June 2010. As a result many shareholders and investors lost their interest in investing money as a result shares were traded off to withdraw the money. The major impact company had was loosing their brand image, reputation and goodwill in the society. It has taken BP several years to rebuild their lost image in front of its stakeholders. Recommendations Hazards and accidents cannot be foreseen but they can be prevented and the damage can be minimized by maintaining a strong safety culture in the organization. The organization BP should try to maintain an informed culture in which every worker working on the oil rig should review their safety performance and accordingly make safety policies but the safety policies should be flexible enough to be effective in situation of an emergency (Keil, 2017). Safety leadership should also be promoted, a safety health inspector should be hired and should remain available on the site and continuously review the machinery and immediately fix any issues arising out of safety checks (Safe work Australia, 2017).The workers should be given a drill on the safety procedures to be followed in case of any emergency. Proper personal protective equipment should be provided to each and every individual and it should also be checked by the safety professionals. As it was mentioned that the safety alarms were n ot working should be checked on a frequent basis, at times such small thongs can prevent major accidents. Also regular audits by health organizations both government and private are to be hired in order to give an unbiased view about the safety culture of the organization. The duty of top level mangers is to make effective safety policies to prevent future hazards and allocate a budget for the implementation of safety policies but the main task lies in the hands of front line managers who are actually working on the oil refineries. Awareness about the safe behavior should be generated among them. A safe work culture, a hazard free workstation not only be feasible to the employer financially in the long run but it will also boost the morale of the employees because they will feel safe in the working environment and hence directly increasing the productivity. When the productivity of employees will be increased it will result into the efficiency in the output of the organization as a result investors will be interested in investing as the company is growing and achieving profits, A strong safety culture will not only ensure a safe workplace but also help the organization to be sustainable in the long run. References Barab, J. (2010). Testimony of Jordan Barab Deputy Assistant secretary for the Occupational safety and health administration. Retrieved from https://www.osha.gov/pls/oshaweb/owadisp.show_document?p_table=TESTIMONIESp_id=1182 on 14 February 2017. BP, (2017). BP at a glance. Beyond Petroleum. Retrieved from https://www.bp.com/en/global/corporate/about-bp/bp-at-a-glance.html on 14 February 2017. BP, (2017). Our brands. Beyond Petroleum. Retrieved from https://www.bp.com/en/global/corporate/about-bp/our-brands.html on 14 February 2017. BP, (2017). Our values. Beyond Petroleum. 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